medieval british

medieval
Withdrawal of the Roman army to make the UK open to attacks from the pagan tribes sailors and soldiers from southwestern Europe , especially the tribes Angles , Saxons , and Jutes , who had long occupied the east coast of Britain , and subsequently began to build settlements  Their influence persisted for decades until his old Briton tribes Battle of Mount Badon won . After that , the British again fell into the hands of Britons in the late 6th century . Christianity also disappeared with the fall of the Roman , but was reintroduced by missionaries from Rome led by Augustine from 597 onwards and by Irish missionaries named Aidan in the same period .

During this period , Britain was ruled by migrants who later also split into several parts , but in the 7th century , these tribes merged into several kingdoms such as Northumbria , Mercia , Wessex , East Anglia , Essex , Kent , and Sussex . In a few centuries later , the process of political consolidation continued. [ 45 ] In the 7th century , the struggle for hegemony between Northumbria occurs and Mercia , the dispute ended with the victory of Mercia in the 8th century .  In the 9th century , the triumph Mercia was replaced by the rise of Wessex . In that century was also an increase in attacks launched by Denmark , who later conquered northern England and eastern and overthrow the government of Northumbria , Mercia , and East Anglia . Wessex , under the reign of Alfred the Great , as the only remaining British empire that still stands . After Alfred 's death, Wessex continued to grow and expanded again by conquering the Danelaw kingdom . The development of the Wessex makes the opportunity to unite the greater political England . This unification was finally successfully done by Athelstan in 953 years after peace with Eadred . The new wave of attacks from the Scandinavian nation in the late 10th century ended with the conquest of this united kingdom by Sweyn Forkbeard in 1013 and later by his son , Knut , in the year 1016 . Conquest of this makes the UK entered a brief period as part of a North Sea empire that also consisting of Denmark and Norway . However , in 1042 , Edward the Confessor retook British soil .
King Henry V at the Battle of Agincourt , 1415 .
King Henry V at the Battle of Agincourt , which ended with a British victory over the French in the Hundred Years' War .

After Edward's reign , Normandy troops , under the command of William the Conqueror , conquered England in 1066 .  The Normandy Nations itself comes from Scandinavia and had settled in Norman ( North of France ) at the end of the 9th century and the early twentieth century -10 .  this conquest led to the fall of the English -speaking culture period and was replaced by a new French-speaking aristocracy . These changes in turn have a profound and permanent effect on the future development of the English language .

House of Plantagenet from Anjou inherited the English throne , Henry II, who served as King of England . In this period , the British managed to expand his empire to the French and also inherit the throne of the Kingdom of France , including Aquitaine . [ 50 ] England ruled France for three centuries under the rule of kings such as Richard I , Edward I , Edward III and Henry V.  in this period, major changes in trade and legislation , including passage of the Magna Carta , the English legal charter which is used to limit the power of the king under the law and also protect the rights of an independent population . Catholic monasticism also evolved during this period , which resulted in the construction of philosophers and universities such as the University of Oxford and Cambridge by royal patronage . Kingdom of Wales was taken over by the Plantagenet in the 13th century ,  while Ketuanan Ireland awarded to the English monarchy by the Pope .

During the 14th century , the House of Plantagenet and Valois of France both claim as the rightful heir to the upper house of Kapet , which led to both countries involved in the ongoing conflict in the Hundred Years' War . Calamity Black Death that swept Britain in 1348 killing approximately half of the total population of England at that time .from the years 1453 to 1487 , the civil war between the two dynastic royal family occurred ( House of York and the House of Lancaster ) . This war known as the Wars of the Roses , which ended with the defeat of York and had to give up the throne fell into the hands of the House of Tudor of Wales , which is the successor to Lancaster . Tudor , led by Henry Tudor , invaded England with the Breton soldiers and Wales . The soldiers managed to gain the victory in the Battle of Bosworth by the death of the last king of York ; Richard III .